Are fire extinguishers toxic?

Fire extinguishers are essential for protecting lives, properties and complying with the law. However, one of the most common questions about fire extinguishers is whether or not they are toxic. While improper use of a fire extinguisher can be hazardous, there are certain types of fire extinguisher which contain chemicals that could be harmful if not used correctly in the event of a fire. This is why correct use of fire extinguishers, and an understanding of their contents, are essential to maintaining fire safety and protecting lives.

Here, we discuss the toxicity of each type of fire extinguisher.

Is a water fire extinguisher toxic?

Water fire extinguishers are not toxic but involve a highly pressurised spray, which could cause physical harm if aimed directly at a person. Water fire extinguishers are among the most common type of fire extinguisher and are suitable for tackling Class A fires (those involving carbonaceous materials such as wood and paper); making them ideal for offices, schools and many more settings.

Is a dry powder fire extinguisher toxic?

Dry powder fire extinguishers are truly multi-purpose, meaning they are suitable for Class A (combustible materials), Class B (flammable liquids), Class C (flammable gases) and electrical fires. As a result, this type of fire extinguisher is extremely versatile and can be used in a number of settings; but is ABC fire extinguisher powder toxic? While Dry powder fire extinguishers are non-toxic, they contain chemicals which may cause harm if inhaled and cause irritation to the skin and eyes. As a result, dry powder fire extinguishers should never be used in confined spaces, which is why they are less suited to offices and schools, and more commonly found in outdoor applications.

Are CO2 fire extinguisher contents toxic?

CO2 fire extinguishers work by starving the fire of oxygen and are suitable for both Class B (flammable liquids) and electrical fires. CO2 poisoning is rare but a high concentration can be dangerous, meaning CO2 fire extinguishers should never be used in confined spaces. By reducing the oxygen levels in a small space, the user and surrounding people may be asphyxiated, which is especially dangerous if the fire is still burning. Therefore it’s recommended that if a CO2 fire extinguisher has been used, that the area is well ventilated once the fire has been controlled.

Is fire extinguisher foam toxic?

Foam fire extinguishers are often found in areas at risk of Class A and Class B fires, such as laboratories, factories, warehouses and hospitals. While water-based, foam fire extinguishers contain additional chemicals which can be harmful if ingested. This is why these units should always be used safely and it’s recommended to wear googles and impermeable gloves if the clean up of fire extinguisher foam is required. To use any type of fire extinguisher correctly, your customers should follow the PASS method:

• Pull the safety pin
• Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire
• Squeeze the handle
• Sweep from side to side

Is a wet chemical fire extinguisher toxic?

As its name suggests, a wet chemical fire extinguisher contains chemicals which could cause harm if ingested, highlighting the need for proper and safe use. If a wet chemical fire extinguisher has been used, then it’s also recommended that the area is well ventilated as soon as the fire has been controlled, as toxic fumes can be produced. This type of fire extinguisher is commonly only suitable for use against Class A (combustible materials) and Class F (cooking oils and fats) fires, meaning it is often found in commercial kitchens and restaurants. However, with the CommanderEDGE MultiCHEM fire extinguisher, your customers can also benefit from a versatile, industry-leading and high-performance ABF rated unit. 

While the contents of fire extinguishers are generally non-toxic, they may still cause harm if ingested or inhaled; however, if used correctly and in the right setting in the event of a fire, these units can be life-saving pieces of equipment. It’s vital that your customers keep suitable fire extinguishers on their premises to protect lives and comply with regulations, and the type of fire extinguisher that’s installed is dictated by the setting’s specific fire risks. To learn more, discover our guide to the different classes of fire, as well as our fire extinguisher application guide.